A potential supportive treatment as a preventive and adjuvant therapy in Covid-19 ¹

Immunomodulatory effect ²

• Up-regulates IFN-α production ²
• Increases antiviral activity ²
• Inhibits NF-κB signaling ²
• Limits cytokine storm in COVID-19 ²

Reduces risk of bacterial co-infection ²

• Improves muco-ciliary clearance & barrier function of the respiratory epithelium ²
• Direct antibacterial effects against S. pneumoniae ²

Direct antiviral effect ²

• Inhibits SARS-CoV RNA polymerase, thus, blocking viral RNA replication
• Decreases activity of ACE2, a receptor for SARS-CoV-2 entry into human cells

Manages risk factors ²

Severe COVID-19 risk factors

Ageing, Diabetes, Atherosclerosis, Obesity, Immune deficiency

Zinc deficiency risk factors

(Zinc supplementation might be beneficial in managing these risk factors)